Electric-induction water heater



April 7, 1925. 1,532,498

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ELECTRIC INDUCTION WATER HEATER Filed March 25, 1922 Big-E.

g INVENTOR elfiar/es [fa/Sen Patented Apr. 7, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,532,498 PATENT OFFICF.

- CHARLES KAISER, F ATLANTIC CITY, NEW FEBISEY, NOW B Y JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME CHARLES GAISE ELECTRIC-INDUCTION WATER HEATER.

Application filed March as, 1922. Serial No. 546,704.

' To, all whom it may concern: x

,Be it known that'I, CHAnLE-s KAISER, a

lantic City, in the county of Atlantic, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric- Induction Vater Heaters, of which the following is a specification. I

, My invention has for its object to provide a heater of the electric-induction type which is especially useful in house heating systems and by means of which the water in a hot water circulatii'ig system may be raised to the desired temperature quickly" and elfi: ciently. Another object of the invention is to provide such a heater wherein the secondary of the transformer consists of a winding .of tubing, i. e. coiledbpipe (preferably copper), which is connected in the water circulating circuit and around which tubewinding the primary wire-winding of the energizing circuit is placed. Again it is an object 'toprovidc an induction heater of the construction stated wherein the primary coils are so Wound as to be connected to the terminal leads of a three wire circuit' in a manner so that one-half of the heater. may be operated alternately, or both halves may be operated simultaneously, as conditions may justify.

A further object of the invention is to provide an induction heater wherein a sec ondary-coil, consisting of a few turns of piping, is wound around a laminated core and heat insulated therefrom and wherein a primary coil of many turns of Wire is wound around and heat insulated from the second ary pipe-coil, means being provided for ventilating the core and the primary coil to prevent overheating the same.

In its more specific nature, the invention also resides in those novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts, all of which will be first fully described, then be specifically pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View illustrating one way of "using my invention.

30 Figure 2 is a side elevation and part ver tical longitudinal section of the heater per so, taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 3.

Figure 3 .".sa plan view and part horizonradiator B as indicated diagrammatically in tal section taken substantially on the line I 33 of Figure 2. citizen of the United States, residihg at At- In the drawings in which like numerals and letters of reference designate-like parts in all of the figures, A represents the heater constituting my invention. 13' indicat s. oneof the radiators of a hot water heating system, C a cold Water tank which is prefer- I ably located at an elevation just above the heater A and receives its suppl fromthe return lead of theradiator B an which has its outlet connected by a duct to the inlet end of the secondary pipe-coils of the heater A, the outlet of which pipe-coils is 'connect- 1 ed to the riser which leads the water to the Figure 1. From the diagram'Figure 1 it will also be noted that the primary coils of the heater have one each of their terminals connected to the neutral wire d of the three Wire circuit D through a knife switch at S, while, the other terminals of the respective primary coils of the heater are connected with the leadsd and d of the three wire system t\hrough knife switches at S. The foregoing is a mere diagrammatic illustration of one way inwhich my invention may be used but, of course, it is to be understood that any number of radiators may be connected up with one heater according to the capacity of the heater. 5

The heater which, per se,xconstitut es the essential part of my invention is constructed on the principle of a step down transformer. By reference especially to Figures 2 and- 3, the construction of my heater will, it is thought be clearly understood. In the drawing the core of the transformer-heater is composed of laminae and may he of any of the usual forms used in transformer construct-ions and the laminae may be packed together in any of the usual Ways. Spaced from the laminated core 1, at 7, are placed shells 2 of asbestos or other suitable heat in sulating material and around these shells 2 are wound, in few turns, coils of pipe 3 through which the water to be heated circulates. Around these coils of pipe 3 is another shell 4 of asbestos or other suitable heat insulating material and around these shells 4: (preferably spaced therefrom at 7) are-located the primary-wire coils 5 that connect with the source ofcurrent supply as above indicated. While it is preferable to to increase the leave the spaces 7 between the shells 4: and coils 5, they may be dispensed with and the coils wound directly around the asbestos, if desired, and by leaving the spaces 7 between the shells 4: and coils 5 and by leavin the 5 aces 7 between 'thecore 1 and the she is 2,-

am enabled to provide ventilation so that the heat generated in the pipe coil 3 will not be conducted to the core l or the primary coil 5 and thus prevent overheating of the primary coil and of the core. It is especially desirable to revent overheating at the core since when 'tl I elficiency is lowered. In order to provide circulation oi air through the passages or spaces 7, the end insulation disks 6 are apertured at 8.

The ends of the coils 3 where they project beyond the heater proper are bridged by short circuiting fuse wires 9 so as to cause the current flow to heat up the coils 3 and in consequence heat the water passing through tie same.

While I have not illustrated it, the heater may be iron-clad or enclosed in an, iron shell magnetic circuit off-the core as is common practice in transformer building and I desire it understood that I do not wish to be limited in the details of construction as many modifications of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the essential feature of my invention being the provision of the secondary coil or piping or tubing in which current may be caused to flow by induction and which serves as the secondary winding of the transformerheater.

ain aware that heretofore transformerheaters have been provided. These are usually of the type in which the core acts as the water duct and is heated up toa tem-- perature sufficient to warm the water but where the core is heated the efficiency of the apparatus is lowered and my invention has been provided to avoid this objection.

am also aware that electric water heaters have been provided inwhich the secondary coil consists of a single loop of solid conductor material .in the form of a. U-

' have been provided shaped member between the ends of which is coiled a short section of pipe, the axis ofwhich coil is at right angles to the leg of the loop electric water heaters in which the secondary coil consisting of a pipe is wound around the core of a transformer field piece and the primary coil of wire is wound around the core separately from the secondary coil, but I am not aware of any co ostruction heretofore suggested embodying the essential feature of winding the wire coil around the pipe coil and the core as a secondary Wind 110 I lirom the foregoing desc fiption,

I am also aware that taken in 1e core becomes overheated, its

passes;

1,5saaee ondary coil wound around said core, a pri-,

mary coil of wire wound around said secondary coil, said wire coil having provision for connecting it to an electric energizing circuit, said secondary coil comprising a pipe adapted for connection in a water circulating circuit, and heat insulating means separating said pipe-coil from said core.

2. In an induction heater, a core, a secondary coil wound around said core, a primary coil of wirewound around said sec ondary coil, said wire coil having provision for connecting it to an "electric energizing circuit, said secondary coil comprising a pipe adapted for connection in a water circulating circuit, heat insulating means separating said' pipe-coil from said core and heat insulating means separating said pipecoil from said wire-coil.

3. In an induction heater, a core, a secondary coil wound around said core, a primary coil of wire' wound around said secondary coil, said wire coil having provision for connecting it to an electric energizing circuit, said secondary coil comprising a pipe adapted for connection in a water circulating circuit, heat insulatin means separating said pipe-coil from sai core and a fuse Wire short circuiting the ends of said pipe-coil.

In an induction heater, a core, a second- 7 In an induction heater, :1 core, a. heat insulating shell on said core and spaced from the same to form an air circulating chamber, a secondary coil of pipe wound around said insulating shell, a second insulating shell located around said pipe, a third insulating shell encircling said second insulating shell and spaced from the same, insulating disks on said core at the ends of said shells with air circulating passa es communicating with the spaces betweentl ie second and third insulatin shells and between the first insulating shel and the core, and a primary coil, adaptedto be connected with an electric energizing circuit, wound for connection in a water circulating circult.

short circuiting around said thirdinsulating shell, said secondary coil adaptedaround said secondary was,

6. In an induction heater, a core, a coil unit mounted on said core, said unit com prising end disks, a central insulating shell of greater diameter than the thickness of said core and adapted to fit on said core to leave a. passage between the shell and the core, a seconda'r pipe-coil Wound around said shell and aving its ends projected through apertures in said end disks and adapted to be connected to a Water circulatlng circuit, a primary energizing coil Wound between said end disks around said pipecoil, means for spacing said primary energizing coil from the said pipe-cciiand insulating the same, said means including an air chamber, said end disks having air ports ondary coil wound around and spaced from sald core, said secondary coll comprising a pipe adapted for connection in a water circulating clrcult, a primary c011 of wlre wound around and spaced from said sec-.

ondary coil, the spaces between said primary .coil and said secondary coil and the spaces between said secondary coil and said core constituting cooling spaces for the purposes described.

CWLRLES KAISER. 

